GCERT Class 8 Social Science Semester 2 Chapter 4 Solution
Brief Information: This post contains the solution for Chapter 4 The Supreme Court of Class 8 Semester 2 of the Gujarat Board (GSEB) books GCERT.
Q.1 Answer the questions given below.
1. Narmada Yojana is an important multipurpose Project. It possibly does not violate fundamental right of any individual. Why this judgment was given by the Supreme Court? Discuss it.
Ans. The increase in height of dam under Narmada Yojana also known as ‘Sardar Sarovar Yojana’ was considered to threaten life and livelihood of many forest dwellers. The NGOs and Environmentalists went to the Supreme Court. But the Supreme Court gave judgement that it does not violate fundamental right of any individual as the project had potential to have positive environmental effect and will benefit all the living beings. For instance, the arid areas of Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh would get water and the expansion of desert could be kept under control. The Supreme Court also stated that question of tribals can be dealt by prioritizing the proper rehabilitation of the tribals affected by this project.
2. Why should the Judiciary be independent?
Ans. The Judiciary should be independent to avoid the influence of other organs of government i.e. Legislative and Executive, on its function. In ensures that citizens will get justice at all cost.
3. Why is the ‘Public Interest Litigation’ considered to be an important step?
Ans. The legal procedures not only require a lot of money and paper work but also it is very time consuming. For a poor person, who is illiterate and incurring irregular income, it becomes really tough to go to court and demand justice. The PIL(Public Interest Litigation) started in 1980 allows any individual or institution to file a case in high court or supreme court on behalf of people from the deprived classes if their fundamental rights are violated. PIL has been used to bring justice to many deprived sections of the society. For example: PIL were filed to free labourers for inhuman labour or to release the prisoners from the jail in Bihar after their term of punishment was over.
4. State the various judgments given by different courts in the case of Ratlam Municipality.
Ans. In the case of pollution in Ratlam Municipality the various judgement given by different courts are as follow:
Taluka Court: Municipality and Town Improvement Trust have failed in their duty of maintaining cleanliness. Both the institutions are ordered to cleanse the place with immediate effect. Within 15 days the work of a closed drainage should be completed.
District Court: The judgment of the Taluka court is declared to be unfair.
High Court: For a closed drainage system 7 months’ time is given instead of 15 days. The pits should be filled with soil to stop the water accumulation and mosquitoes breeding. All work should be completed within two years.
Supreme Court: The chemical and the dye plants which were responsible for the pollution should be closed with the joint effort of the Municipality and the state government.
Q.2 Read the following statements in reference to Ratlam Municipality case. Put a tick mark (√) for the correct and cross mark (X) for an incorrect statement. Correct and rewrite the incorrect statements.
1. Municipality took the case to the District Court as it was dissatisfied with the decision given by the lower court.
– √ (Correct)
2. Municipality appealed to the High Court against the judgment given by the Supreme Court.
– X (Incorrect)
3. The Supreme Court approved the judgment given by the High Court.
– √ (Correct)