CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 13 - Hydrocarbons

Brief Information: In this NCERT class 11 chemistry chapter 13, students will get to know in detail about the classification of hydrocarbons and their uses, properties, and related reactions. Furthermore, this chapter talks about alkanes, alkynes, and alkenes. It also talks about related nomenclature, physical properties, IUPAC names, chemical reactions, combustion, isomerism, etc.

Topics Covered

• Hydrocarbons: Classification of Hydrocarbons Aliphatic Hydrocarbons:

  • Alkanes – Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (ethane only), physical properties, chemical reactions.

  • Alkenes – Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), geometrical isomerism, physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markovnikov’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.

  • Alkynes – Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), physical properties, methods of preparation, chemical reactions: acidic character of alkynes, addition reaction of – hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides and water.

• Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Craft’s alkylation and acylation, directive influence of functional group in monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and toxicity.

Watch the video given below for understanding NCERT CBSE Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 13 – Hydrocarbons explanation in Hindi (for easy and better understanding)